Can rocky hills similar to the Scottish highlands be located next to a bog?The really really big mountainThe Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes EarthHow would the ocean currents of earth be altered if there was no Central America?The Titanic OzarksThe Rocky Side of the World Without OilCan giant planets in the habitable zone have rocky moons?How to make a bigger planet be as similar to Earth as possibleIs is plausible for an Earth-like planet to have all of its land located in one polar hemisphere?Weather and climate during the next Ice Age

Magento 2: Set order history page as default after login

Looking for the comic book where Spider-Man was [mistakenly] addressed as Super-Man

Was the lunar landing site always in the same plane as the CM's orbit?

How could a planet have one hemisphere way warmer than the other without the planet being tidally locked?

Why would one hemisphere of a planet be very mountainous while the other is flat?

Examples where "thin + thin = nice and thick"

How to calculate the power level of a Commander deck?

Do 643,000 Americans go bankrupt every year due to medical bills?

How does the UK House of Commons think they can prolong the deadline of Brexit?

I won a car in a poker game. How is that taxed in Canada?

Pronounceable encrypted text

Did the Byzantines ever attempt to move their capital to Rome?

Looking for a big fantasy novel about scholarly monks that sort of worship math?

Why did Tony's Arc Reactor do this?

SQL Always On COPY ONLY backups - what's the point if I cant restore the AG from these backups?

Entering the US with dual citizenship but US passport is long expired?

Can taking my 1-week-old on a 6-7 hours journey in the car lead to medical complications?

What's this constructed number's starter?

French equivalent of "my cup of tea"

Why are some hotels asking you to book through Booking.com instead of matching the price at the front desk?

If I sell my PS4 game disc and buy a digital version, can I still access my saved game?

How do I delete cookies from a specific site?

What can we do about our 9 month old putting fingers down his throat?

Global variables and information security



Can rocky hills similar to the Scottish highlands be located next to a bog?


The really really big mountainThe Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes EarthHow would the ocean currents of earth be altered if there was no Central America?The Titanic OzarksThe Rocky Side of the World Without OilCan giant planets in the habitable zone have rocky moons?How to make a bigger planet be as similar to Earth as possibleIs is plausible for an Earth-like planet to have all of its land located in one polar hemisphere?Weather and climate during the next Ice Age






.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0;








6












$begingroup$


I've written about these rocky hills with short grass, gravel, shrubs, and big boulders. At the bottom of one of the hills is a big bog. Basically I've designed some buildings to be sticking out of the hill and half-suspended over the bog with stilts, which spreads into a bigger marketplace all on top of the bog all on stilts.



I'm just concerned that a hill next to a bog would likely be more damp and green than the one I've designed, which is more rocky.



Is this possible?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$









  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:44







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
    $endgroup$
    – DoctorPenguin
    Apr 15 at 10:25






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
    $endgroup$
    – Smeato
    Apr 15 at 12:24







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
    $endgroup$
    – Baldrickk
    Apr 15 at 16:14






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Liath Scotland has beaches?
    $endgroup$
    – DJClayworth
    Apr 15 at 17:52

















6












$begingroup$


I've written about these rocky hills with short grass, gravel, shrubs, and big boulders. At the bottom of one of the hills is a big bog. Basically I've designed some buildings to be sticking out of the hill and half-suspended over the bog with stilts, which spreads into a bigger marketplace all on top of the bog all on stilts.



I'm just concerned that a hill next to a bog would likely be more damp and green than the one I've designed, which is more rocky.



Is this possible?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$









  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:44







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
    $endgroup$
    – DoctorPenguin
    Apr 15 at 10:25






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
    $endgroup$
    – Smeato
    Apr 15 at 12:24







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
    $endgroup$
    – Baldrickk
    Apr 15 at 16:14






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Liath Scotland has beaches?
    $endgroup$
    – DJClayworth
    Apr 15 at 17:52













6












6








6


1



$begingroup$


I've written about these rocky hills with short grass, gravel, shrubs, and big boulders. At the bottom of one of the hills is a big bog. Basically I've designed some buildings to be sticking out of the hill and half-suspended over the bog with stilts, which spreads into a bigger marketplace all on top of the bog all on stilts.



I'm just concerned that a hill next to a bog would likely be more damp and green than the one I've designed, which is more rocky.



Is this possible?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$




I've written about these rocky hills with short grass, gravel, shrubs, and big boulders. At the bottom of one of the hills is a big bog. Basically I've designed some buildings to be sticking out of the hill and half-suspended over the bog with stilts, which spreads into a bigger marketplace all on top of the bog all on stilts.



I'm just concerned that a hill next to a bog would likely be more damp and green than the one I've designed, which is more rocky.



Is this possible?







science-based earth-like geography geology weather






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Apr 15 at 5:10









Cyn

19.1k2 gold badges37 silver badges86 bronze badges




19.1k2 gold badges37 silver badges86 bronze badges










asked Apr 15 at 4:54









JuliaJulia

312 bronze badges




312 bronze badges










  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:44







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
    $endgroup$
    – DoctorPenguin
    Apr 15 at 10:25






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
    $endgroup$
    – Smeato
    Apr 15 at 12:24







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
    $endgroup$
    – Baldrickk
    Apr 15 at 16:14






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Liath Scotland has beaches?
    $endgroup$
    – DJClayworth
    Apr 15 at 17:52












  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:44







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
    $endgroup$
    – DoctorPenguin
    Apr 15 at 10:25






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
    $endgroup$
    – Smeato
    Apr 15 at 12:24







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
    $endgroup$
    – Baldrickk
    Apr 15 at 16:14






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Liath Scotland has beaches?
    $endgroup$
    – DJClayworth
    Apr 15 at 17:52







6




6




$begingroup$
Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
$endgroup$
– Liath
Apr 15 at 9:44





$begingroup$
Have you been to Scotland!? It's all mountain, beach or bog! :p
$endgroup$
– Liath
Apr 15 at 9:44





2




2




$begingroup$
I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
$endgroup$
– DoctorPenguin
Apr 15 at 10:25




$begingroup$
I can only speak anecdotally and not scientifically, but I recall going up the sgurr and our trek there seemed almost entirely bog!
$endgroup$
– DoctorPenguin
Apr 15 at 10:25




3




3




$begingroup$
As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
$endgroup$
– Smeato
Apr 15 at 12:24





$begingroup$
As an experienced Scottish hill walker and mountaineer, this question astounds me. Scotland is a bog. It rains 250 days a year. The ground never dries. It's truly hell on earth to the unacquainted.
$endgroup$
– Smeato
Apr 15 at 12:24





1




1




$begingroup$
I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
$endgroup$
– Baldrickk
Apr 15 at 16:14




$begingroup$
I've sunk up to my waist in a bog near the top of Helvellyn, luckily it was just one leg. Said bog was near (East of) Red Tarn, if you want to look at the area
$endgroup$
– Baldrickk
Apr 15 at 16:14




1




1




$begingroup$
@Liath Scotland has beaches?
$endgroup$
– DJClayworth
Apr 15 at 17:52




$begingroup$
@Liath Scotland has beaches?
$endgroup$
– DJClayworth
Apr 15 at 17:52










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















19














$begingroup$

So long as the design of the bog area allows:



  1. high water run-off from the hills,

  2. is a shallow dirt-and-biomatter-filled basin that collects the water and

  3. enough erosion has taken place to fill that shallow basin with fertile soil.

Then yup, I've no problem with this.



And the proof in the pudding are the blanket bogs of the Scottish uplands. They're even showing wear and tear due to global warming. Best of all, the highlands are traditionally rocky, so go right ahead and have a bog next to your rocky hill!






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$














  • $begingroup$
    Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
    $endgroup$
    – Julia
    Apr 15 at 5:47










  • $begingroup$
    Don't forget Kinder Scout
    $endgroup$
    – Separatrix
    Apr 15 at 8:51










  • $begingroup$
    It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:45










  • $begingroup$
    A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
    $endgroup$
    – Spagirl
    Apr 15 at 11:49







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 15 at 12:29













Your Answer








StackExchange.ready(function()
var channelOptions =
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "579"
;
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
createEditor();
);

else
createEditor();

);

function createEditor()
StackExchange.prepareEditor(
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader:
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"u003ecc by-sa 4.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
,
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
);



);














draft saved

draft discarded
















StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fworldbuilding.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f144014%2fcan-rocky-hills-similar-to-the-scottish-highlands-be-located-next-to-a-bog%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown

























1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes








1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









19














$begingroup$

So long as the design of the bog area allows:



  1. high water run-off from the hills,

  2. is a shallow dirt-and-biomatter-filled basin that collects the water and

  3. enough erosion has taken place to fill that shallow basin with fertile soil.

Then yup, I've no problem with this.



And the proof in the pudding are the blanket bogs of the Scottish uplands. They're even showing wear and tear due to global warming. Best of all, the highlands are traditionally rocky, so go right ahead and have a bog next to your rocky hill!






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$














  • $begingroup$
    Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
    $endgroup$
    – Julia
    Apr 15 at 5:47










  • $begingroup$
    Don't forget Kinder Scout
    $endgroup$
    – Separatrix
    Apr 15 at 8:51










  • $begingroup$
    It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:45










  • $begingroup$
    A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
    $endgroup$
    – Spagirl
    Apr 15 at 11:49







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 15 at 12:29















19














$begingroup$

So long as the design of the bog area allows:



  1. high water run-off from the hills,

  2. is a shallow dirt-and-biomatter-filled basin that collects the water and

  3. enough erosion has taken place to fill that shallow basin with fertile soil.

Then yup, I've no problem with this.



And the proof in the pudding are the blanket bogs of the Scottish uplands. They're even showing wear and tear due to global warming. Best of all, the highlands are traditionally rocky, so go right ahead and have a bog next to your rocky hill!






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$














  • $begingroup$
    Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
    $endgroup$
    – Julia
    Apr 15 at 5:47










  • $begingroup$
    Don't forget Kinder Scout
    $endgroup$
    – Separatrix
    Apr 15 at 8:51










  • $begingroup$
    It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:45










  • $begingroup$
    A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
    $endgroup$
    – Spagirl
    Apr 15 at 11:49







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 15 at 12:29













19














19










19







$begingroup$

So long as the design of the bog area allows:



  1. high water run-off from the hills,

  2. is a shallow dirt-and-biomatter-filled basin that collects the water and

  3. enough erosion has taken place to fill that shallow basin with fertile soil.

Then yup, I've no problem with this.



And the proof in the pudding are the blanket bogs of the Scottish uplands. They're even showing wear and tear due to global warming. Best of all, the highlands are traditionally rocky, so go right ahead and have a bog next to your rocky hill!






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$



So long as the design of the bog area allows:



  1. high water run-off from the hills,

  2. is a shallow dirt-and-biomatter-filled basin that collects the water and

  3. enough erosion has taken place to fill that shallow basin with fertile soil.

Then yup, I've no problem with this.



And the proof in the pudding are the blanket bogs of the Scottish uplands. They're even showing wear and tear due to global warming. Best of all, the highlands are traditionally rocky, so go right ahead and have a bog next to your rocky hill!







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered Apr 15 at 5:21









JBHJBH

57.1k9 gold badges131 silver badges276 bronze badges




57.1k9 gold badges131 silver badges276 bronze badges














  • $begingroup$
    Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
    $endgroup$
    – Julia
    Apr 15 at 5:47










  • $begingroup$
    Don't forget Kinder Scout
    $endgroup$
    – Separatrix
    Apr 15 at 8:51










  • $begingroup$
    It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:45










  • $begingroup$
    A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
    $endgroup$
    – Spagirl
    Apr 15 at 11:49







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 15 at 12:29
















  • $begingroup$
    Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
    $endgroup$
    – Julia
    Apr 15 at 5:47










  • $begingroup$
    Don't forget Kinder Scout
    $endgroup$
    – Separatrix
    Apr 15 at 8:51










  • $begingroup$
    It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
    $endgroup$
    – Liath
    Apr 15 at 9:45










  • $begingroup$
    A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
    $endgroup$
    – Spagirl
    Apr 15 at 11:49







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 15 at 12:29















$begingroup$
Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
$endgroup$
– Julia
Apr 15 at 5:47




$begingroup$
Oh YEAH that sounds great! Thanks for the reference that's uber helpful!
$endgroup$
– Julia
Apr 15 at 5:47












$begingroup$
Don't forget Kinder Scout
$endgroup$
– Separatrix
Apr 15 at 8:51




$begingroup$
Don't forget Kinder Scout
$endgroup$
– Separatrix
Apr 15 at 8:51












$begingroup$
It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
$endgroup$
– Liath
Apr 15 at 9:45




$begingroup$
It's also worth mentioning that bogs can actually from on slopes if the earth is rocky/saturated enough
$endgroup$
– Liath
Apr 15 at 9:45












$begingroup$
A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
$endgroup$
– Spagirl
Apr 15 at 11:49





$begingroup$
A bog is mostly peat, which forms from the mosses that grow there and a little nutrient poor soil, nutrient rich soils are more likely to be found in a marsh or other type of wetland.knowledgenuts.com/2013/12/02/…
$endgroup$
– Spagirl
Apr 15 at 11:49





1




1




$begingroup$
@Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
$endgroup$
– Graham
Apr 15 at 12:29




$begingroup$
@Separatrix But Kinder Scout isn't anything like that. The OP is looking for a grassy/gravelly/stony mountain, but if anything, Kinder itself is even more boggy than its surroundings. Also the peat bog there is typically bone-dry in summer. Scotland is much more like the OP's question, particularly places like Rannoch Moor.
$endgroup$
– Graham
Apr 15 at 12:29


















draft saved

draft discarded















































Thanks for contributing an answer to Worldbuilding Stack Exchange!


  • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid


  • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

  • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




draft saved


draft discarded














StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fworldbuilding.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f144014%2fcan-rocky-hills-similar-to-the-scottish-highlands-be-located-next-to-a-bog%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown





















































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown

































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown







Popular posts from this blog

Tamil (spriik) Luke uk diar | Nawigatjuun

Align equal signs while including text over equalitiesAMS align: left aligned text/math plus multicolumn alignmentMultiple alignmentsAligning equations in multiple placesNumbering and aligning an equation with multiple columnsHow to align one equation with another multline equationUsing \ in environments inside the begintabularxNumber equations and preserving alignment of equal signsHow can I align equations to the left and to the right?Double equation alignment problem within align enviromentAligned within align: Why are they right-aligned?

Where does the image of a data connector as a sharp metal spike originate from?Where does the concept of infected people turning into zombies only after death originate from?Where does the motif of a reanimated human head originate?Where did the notion that Dragons could speak originate?Where does the archetypal image of the 'Grey' alien come from?Where did the suffix '-Man' originate?Where does the notion of being injured or killed by an illusion originate?Where did the term “sophont” originate?Where does the trope of magic spells being driven by advanced technology originate from?Where did the term “the living impaired” originate?