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How does taxonomy work? The case of the Avian Dinosaurs

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I recently discovered that the class Aves (or Birds) has been renamed Avian Dinosaurs. My question is when this taxonomic denomination achieved the consensus of the scientific community and through witch process, this change was made.

ornithology taxonomy dinosaurs

share|improve this question

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

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• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Freudian slip there. Witchcraft is a reasonable explanation.
  $endgroup$
  – David
  Sep 14 at 18:11
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

2

$begingroup$

I recently discovered that the class Aves (or Birds) has been renamed Avian Dinosaurs. My question is when this taxonomic denomination achieved the consensus of the scientific community and through witch process, this change was made.

ornithology taxonomy dinosaurs

share|improve this question

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Freudian slip there. Witchcraft is a reasonable explanation.
  $endgroup$
  – David
  Sep 14 at 18:11
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

$begingroup$

I recently discovered that the class Aves (or Birds) has been renamed Avian Dinosaurs. My question is when this taxonomic denomination achieved the consensus of the scientific community and through witch process, this change was made.

ornithology taxonomy dinosaurs

share|improve this question

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

$endgroup$

share|improve this question

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

share|improve this question

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

asked Sep 14 at 8:36

Marco VicarioMarco Vicario

2111 bronze badge

1 Answer
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3

$begingroup$

There was a taxonomic revolution brought about by cladistics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladistics. Willi Hennig wrote about it in 1950, but he was an East German, and his work did not gain traction in the West until it was translated into English in the late 1960s. Then it took a while to become consensus. Since then, all taxonomy is based on phylogenetic relationships. So for 100 years, we talked about "Reptiles" and knew what they were. Under phylogenetic taxonomy however, once we understood that birds were descended from theropod dinosaurs, nomenclatural rules require that birds ARE dinosaurs. This makes sense, because a Robin is more closely related to a Tyrannosaurus than a Tyrannosaurus is to an Iguanodon. Technically, taxonomy changes with the publication of phylogenies that make formal nomenclatural changes. Once a peer-reviewed paper is published, the names change. But sometimes phylogeny papers are sloppy, or wrong. So for something as major as Avian Dinosaurs, it would generally take more than just one sloppy paper to change consensus. Scientists now consider birds to be Dinosaurs. The public will continue thinking of Dinosaurs without birds. This is a difference between common names and scientific names. Birds are a subgroup of Dinosauria. Consensus depends on whether you are a scientist or not. Scientists now are at a consensus that Birds are derived from theropod dinosaurs, and therefore, ARE dinosaurs. The consensus of the public will lag behind.

share|improve this answer

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Some other interesting phylogenies that render old names obsolete: Crustacea is paraphyletic. Crustaceans and Insects now form a group, Pancrustacea. Snakes are closely related to varanid lizards (are part of Lizards), so snakes ARE lizards, and both are in the group Squamata. Call them both squamates. There is no "Kingdom Protista", as protists are wildly polyphyletic.
  $endgroup$
  – Karl Kjer
  Sep 15 at 15:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

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3

$begingroup$

There was a taxonomic revolution brought about by cladistics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladistics. Willi Hennig wrote about it in 1950, but he was an East German, and his work did not gain traction in the West until it was translated into English in the late 1960s. Then it took a while to become consensus. Since then, all taxonomy is based on phylogenetic relationships. So for 100 years, we talked about "Reptiles" and knew what they were. Under phylogenetic taxonomy however, once we understood that birds were descended from theropod dinosaurs, nomenclatural rules require that birds ARE dinosaurs. This makes sense, because a Robin is more closely related to a Tyrannosaurus than a Tyrannosaurus is to an Iguanodon. Technically, taxonomy changes with the publication of phylogenies that make formal nomenclatural changes. Once a peer-reviewed paper is published, the names change. But sometimes phylogeny papers are sloppy, or wrong. So for something as major as Avian Dinosaurs, it would generally take more than just one sloppy paper to change consensus. Scientists now consider birds to be Dinosaurs. The public will continue thinking of Dinosaurs without birds. This is a difference between common names and scientific names. Birds are a subgroup of Dinosauria. Consensus depends on whether you are a scientist or not. Scientists now are at a consensus that Birds are derived from theropod dinosaurs, and therefore, ARE dinosaurs. The consensus of the public will lag behind.

share|improve this answer

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Some other interesting phylogenies that render old names obsolete: Crustacea is paraphyletic. Crustaceans and Insects now form a group, Pancrustacea. Snakes are closely related to varanid lizards (are part of Lizards), so snakes ARE lizards, and both are in the group Squamata. Call them both squamates. There is no "Kingdom Protista", as protists are wildly polyphyletic.
  $endgroup$
  – Karl Kjer
  Sep 15 at 15:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

3

$begingroup$

There was a taxonomic revolution brought about by cladistics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladistics. Willi Hennig wrote about it in 1950, but he was an East German, and his work did not gain traction in the West until it was translated into English in the late 1960s. Then it took a while to become consensus. Since then, all taxonomy is based on phylogenetic relationships. So for 100 years, we talked about "Reptiles" and knew what they were. Under phylogenetic taxonomy however, once we understood that birds were descended from theropod dinosaurs, nomenclatural rules require that birds ARE dinosaurs. This makes sense, because a Robin is more closely related to a Tyrannosaurus than a Tyrannosaurus is to an Iguanodon. Technically, taxonomy changes with the publication of phylogenies that make formal nomenclatural changes. Once a peer-reviewed paper is published, the names change. But sometimes phylogeny papers are sloppy, or wrong. So for something as major as Avian Dinosaurs, it would generally take more than just one sloppy paper to change consensus. Scientists now consider birds to be Dinosaurs. The public will continue thinking of Dinosaurs without birds. This is a difference between common names and scientific names. Birds are a subgroup of Dinosauria. Consensus depends on whether you are a scientist or not. Scientists now are at a consensus that Birds are derived from theropod dinosaurs, and therefore, ARE dinosaurs. The consensus of the public will lag behind.

share|improve this answer

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Some other interesting phylogenies that render old names obsolete: Crustacea is paraphyletic. Crustaceans and Insects now form a group, Pancrustacea. Snakes are closely related to varanid lizards (are part of Lizards), so snakes ARE lizards, and both are in the group Squamata. Call them both squamates. There is no "Kingdom Protista", as protists are wildly polyphyletic.
  $endgroup$
  – Karl Kjer
  Sep 15 at 15:38
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

$begingroup$

There was a taxonomic revolution brought about by cladistics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladistics. Willi Hennig wrote about it in 1950, but he was an East German, and his work did not gain traction in the West until it was translated into English in the late 1960s. Then it took a while to become consensus. Since then, all taxonomy is based on phylogenetic relationships. So for 100 years, we talked about "Reptiles" and knew what they were. Under phylogenetic taxonomy however, once we understood that birds were descended from theropod dinosaurs, nomenclatural rules require that birds ARE dinosaurs. This makes sense, because a Robin is more closely related to a Tyrannosaurus than a Tyrannosaurus is to an Iguanodon. Technically, taxonomy changes with the publication of phylogenies that make formal nomenclatural changes. Once a peer-reviewed paper is published, the names change. But sometimes phylogeny papers are sloppy, or wrong. So for something as major as Avian Dinosaurs, it would generally take more than just one sloppy paper to change consensus. Scientists now consider birds to be Dinosaurs. The public will continue thinking of Dinosaurs without birds. This is a difference between common names and scientific names. Birds are a subgroup of Dinosauria. Consensus depends on whether you are a scientist or not. Scientists now are at a consensus that Birds are derived from theropod dinosaurs, and therefore, ARE dinosaurs. The consensus of the public will lag behind.

share|improve this answer

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

$endgroup$

share|improve this answer

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

edited Sep 14 at 15:48

kmm

11.5k77 gold badges5252 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges

answered Sep 14 at 13:17

Karl KjerKarl Kjer

7,07011 gold badge1414 silver badges2525 bronze badges