Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate?4026 + 7-segment display: do I need transistors?Why Does the And Gate have Two Transistors on Top?Explaining the need for two transistors in Not GateBJT transistors AND gateCreating AND gate with transistorsWhy does a single AND gate need 60 transistors?How many transistors are there in a logic gate?When do I need to use an OR gate IC?
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Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate?
4026 + 7-segment display: do I need transistors?Why Does the And Gate have Two Transistors on Top?Explaining the need for two transistors in Not GateBJT transistors AND gateCreating AND gate with transistorsWhy does a single AND gate need 60 transistors?How many transistors are there in a logic gate?When do I need to use an OR gate IC?
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Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate? Wouldn't we be able to achieve the same result without transistors at all, just by joining the two inputs and reading the output?
transistors digital-logic logic-gates
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
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add a comment
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$begingroup$
Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate? Wouldn't we be able to achieve the same result without transistors at all, just by joining the two inputs and reading the output?
transistors digital-logic logic-gates
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
$endgroup$
14
$begingroup$
There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
$endgroup$
– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
$begingroup$
You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
6
$begingroup$
@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
$endgroup$
– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
6
$begingroup$
What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate? Wouldn't we be able to achieve the same result without transistors at all, just by joining the two inputs and reading the output?
transistors digital-logic logic-gates
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
$endgroup$
Why do we need to use transistors when building an OR gate? Wouldn't we be able to achieve the same result without transistors at all, just by joining the two inputs and reading the output?
transistors digital-logic logic-gates
transistors digital-logic logic-gates
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
edited Sep 20 at 3:42
chicks
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
1311 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
asked Sep 16 at 4:22
TarekTarek
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
2491 silver badge6 bronze badges
14
$begingroup$
There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
$endgroup$
– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
$begingroup$
You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
6
$begingroup$
@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
$endgroup$
– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
6
$begingroup$
What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33
add a comment
|
14
$begingroup$
There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
$endgroup$
– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
$begingroup$
You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
6
$begingroup$
@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
$endgroup$
– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
6
$begingroup$
What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33
14
14
$begingroup$
There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
$endgroup$
– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
$begingroup$
There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
$endgroup$
– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
$begingroup$
You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
$begingroup$
You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
6
6
$begingroup$
@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
$endgroup$
– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
$begingroup$
@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
$endgroup$
– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
6
6
$begingroup$
What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33
$begingroup$
What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33
add a comment
|
6 Answers
6
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
What you describe is called a wired OR connection. It is possible in some logic families, particularly ECL (emitter coupled logic), but not in the most common ones (TTL and CMOS).
In CMOS it isn't possible because when a CMOS output is low, it creates a very near short from the output pin through the chip to ground. And when it is high, it creates a very near short from VDD through the chip to the the output pin.
So if you tied two CMOS outputs together and one output high while the other output low, you'd have a very near short from VDD to ground, which would draw a large current and likely overheat one or the other of the two chips involved.
For TTL, there's a similar issue, but the "shorts" from the output pin to VDD or ground aren't quite as near short as they are in CMOS.
There's a variant output style, called open drain for CMOS or open collector for TTL, that allows wired AND connections rather than wired OR. These outputs are designed to only be able to sink current to ground, not to be able to produce any output current when they're nominally in the high state. These are normally used with an external pull-up resistor so that the output voltage will actually reach the "high" voltage level when required.
Note: Open collector or open drain can be used for wired OR if you use active-low logic (low voltage represents logic 1, high voltage represents logic 0).
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
$endgroup$
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
|
show 5 more comments
$begingroup$
this lets you "join the outputs"
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
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26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:this lets you "join the outputs" schematicwith a link to circuitlab
$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
add a comment
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If you just connect the wires, you'd have the (fairly likely) possibility of a 0 and a 1 together. Since a 0 is gnd, and a 1 is 5V (depending on the chips, but it's a standard), you'd have 5V and gnd connected together by wires. The term for that is a short circuit!
You could use diodes for a simple OR gate. Or even resistors. The problems occur when you connect this gate to other gates, other circuitry. You can build an AND gate from 2 diodes the other way round. But if you try connect a lot of them together you end up with one giant circuit that doesn't function as small separate parts, but as one big one. Connections that aren't in your simple gate plan, might crop up in real life, messing up what you want to happen.
A transistor lets you separate the input from the output. The output of a transistor can't feed backward and affect it's input. A relay would be another alternative, though slower. Since the switch can't affect the electromagnet.
Early logic was RTL or DTL, resistor-transistor logic, or diode-transistor logic. Resistors, at first, then later diodes, were used to form the gate, then a transistor acted to buffer the result so the next gate you used didn't feed back through this one to it's inputs.
Now, since transistors on chips are virtually free of charge, financially that is, we have the luxury of everything being properly buffered and separate. Usually that's what we want. TTL logic!
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
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Thanks for the excellent explanation!
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– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
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You're welcome!
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– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
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Consider what happens if one input is high and one is low, and you connect the two inputs. It depends on how you build your logic gates.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is really pulled high and a low is really pulled low (CMOS) then this is a short circuit and something will blow up.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is "weak" or high resistance (e.g. NMOS) then the output will be low, but also the other input (that is supposed to be high) will be forced to be low even though it's supposed to be high, and this will have a knock-on effect on other logic gates which use the same input.
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
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There is an analog approach:
Combine any number of inputs (suppose either 0 or 5 volts) with resistors.
If the result voltage is 0, all are off.
If the result voltage is 5, then all are on.
In-between voltages indicate that some are on and some are off.
Example: If there are 4 inputs, 2.5 volts means 2 are on and 2 are off.
result == 0: nor gate
result == 5: and gate
result != 0: or gate
result != 5: nand gate
You don't need transistors for the inputs, just for the output to check the voltage and restore a 0 or 5 volt logical result.
This might be used for an analog neural network node with a non-linear output function that has a "soft" result that might not be entirely true or false.
After thought:
Resistors used this way can slow down logic speed since capacitance following the resistors must be charged or discharged when inputs change.
Also, use of transistors can greatly reduce power consumption. Resistors used this way can always consume power with a mix of input states. With transistors, power consumption can be roughly divided by the gain of the transistors.
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
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Very interesting, thanks!
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– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
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With some logic elements (all car door swithches ighting up the same lamp) this is possible, but not for example with CMOS gates as they are built with P and N channel FET transistors so they need defined high and low voltage input to provide the output, the input cannot be left to float. Connecting CMOS outputs together would not work.
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
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6 Answers
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6 Answers
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$begingroup$
What you describe is called a wired OR connection. It is possible in some logic families, particularly ECL (emitter coupled logic), but not in the most common ones (TTL and CMOS).
In CMOS it isn't possible because when a CMOS output is low, it creates a very near short from the output pin through the chip to ground. And when it is high, it creates a very near short from VDD through the chip to the the output pin.
So if you tied two CMOS outputs together and one output high while the other output low, you'd have a very near short from VDD to ground, which would draw a large current and likely overheat one or the other of the two chips involved.
For TTL, there's a similar issue, but the "shorts" from the output pin to VDD or ground aren't quite as near short as they are in CMOS.
There's a variant output style, called open drain for CMOS or open collector for TTL, that allows wired AND connections rather than wired OR. These outputs are designed to only be able to sink current to ground, not to be able to produce any output current when they're nominally in the high state. These are normally used with an external pull-up resistor so that the output voltage will actually reach the "high" voltage level when required.
Note: Open collector or open drain can be used for wired OR if you use active-low logic (low voltage represents logic 1, high voltage represents logic 0).
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
$endgroup$
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
|
show 5 more comments
$begingroup$
What you describe is called a wired OR connection. It is possible in some logic families, particularly ECL (emitter coupled logic), but not in the most common ones (TTL and CMOS).
In CMOS it isn't possible because when a CMOS output is low, it creates a very near short from the output pin through the chip to ground. And when it is high, it creates a very near short from VDD through the chip to the the output pin.
So if you tied two CMOS outputs together and one output high while the other output low, you'd have a very near short from VDD to ground, which would draw a large current and likely overheat one or the other of the two chips involved.
For TTL, there's a similar issue, but the "shorts" from the output pin to VDD or ground aren't quite as near short as they are in CMOS.
There's a variant output style, called open drain for CMOS or open collector for TTL, that allows wired AND connections rather than wired OR. These outputs are designed to only be able to sink current to ground, not to be able to produce any output current when they're nominally in the high state. These are normally used with an external pull-up resistor so that the output voltage will actually reach the "high" voltage level when required.
Note: Open collector or open drain can be used for wired OR if you use active-low logic (low voltage represents logic 1, high voltage represents logic 0).
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
$endgroup$
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
|
show 5 more comments
$begingroup$
What you describe is called a wired OR connection. It is possible in some logic families, particularly ECL (emitter coupled logic), but not in the most common ones (TTL and CMOS).
In CMOS it isn't possible because when a CMOS output is low, it creates a very near short from the output pin through the chip to ground. And when it is high, it creates a very near short from VDD through the chip to the the output pin.
So if you tied two CMOS outputs together and one output high while the other output low, you'd have a very near short from VDD to ground, which would draw a large current and likely overheat one or the other of the two chips involved.
For TTL, there's a similar issue, but the "shorts" from the output pin to VDD or ground aren't quite as near short as they are in CMOS.
There's a variant output style, called open drain for CMOS or open collector for TTL, that allows wired AND connections rather than wired OR. These outputs are designed to only be able to sink current to ground, not to be able to produce any output current when they're nominally in the high state. These are normally used with an external pull-up resistor so that the output voltage will actually reach the "high" voltage level when required.
Note: Open collector or open drain can be used for wired OR if you use active-low logic (low voltage represents logic 1, high voltage represents logic 0).
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
$endgroup$
What you describe is called a wired OR connection. It is possible in some logic families, particularly ECL (emitter coupled logic), but not in the most common ones (TTL and CMOS).
In CMOS it isn't possible because when a CMOS output is low, it creates a very near short from the output pin through the chip to ground. And when it is high, it creates a very near short from VDD through the chip to the the output pin.
So if you tied two CMOS outputs together and one output high while the other output low, you'd have a very near short from VDD to ground, which would draw a large current and likely overheat one or the other of the two chips involved.
For TTL, there's a similar issue, but the "shorts" from the output pin to VDD or ground aren't quite as near short as they are in CMOS.
There's a variant output style, called open drain for CMOS or open collector for TTL, that allows wired AND connections rather than wired OR. These outputs are designed to only be able to sink current to ground, not to be able to produce any output current when they're nominally in the high state. These are normally used with an external pull-up resistor so that the output voltage will actually reach the "high" voltage level when required.
Note: Open collector or open drain can be used for wired OR if you use active-low logic (low voltage represents logic 1, high voltage represents logic 0).
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
edited Sep 16 at 18:14
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:38
The PhotonThe Photon
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96.8k3 gold badges117 silver badges227 bronze badges
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
|
show 5 more comments
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
3
3
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
Nah. All that stuff still uses transistors. This is a true wire-OR gate. Just need a few wire bending jigs. Like we used to do, "back in the day," around the time we used 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard. And it can be easily read by a human looking down on it. Of course, the human will also need to trace backward along the wires to see the other gates involved and eventually back to the "wire inputs" at the beginning. The OP wanted to know about the zero-transistor case. ;)
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:15
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
$begingroup$
@jonk, Just mechanically couple the keys on the keypad and you don't even need wires to make an "OR".
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:20
1
1
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
Well, there's more than one way to skin a cat, I suppose. :) (And by the way, I actually did use 7 switches and a push button for a keyboard "back in the day.")
$endgroup$
– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:22
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
$begingroup$
@jonk, that's well before my time. TIL what octal notation is for: Saves you a couple bucks worth of switches for your hand-keying interface.
$endgroup$
– The Photon
Sep 16 at 5:27
1
1
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
$begingroup$
See this datasheet of the 7403 family. "The open-collector outputs require pull-up resistors to perform correctly. They may be connected to other open-collector outputs to implement active-low wired-OR or active-high wired-AND functions."
$endgroup$
– Uwe
Sep 16 at 17:28
|
show 5 more comments
$begingroup$
this lets you "join the outputs"
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
$endgroup$
26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:this lets you "join the outputs" schematicwith a link to circuitlab
$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
this lets you "join the outputs"
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
$endgroup$
26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:this lets you "join the outputs" schematicwith a link to circuitlab
$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
this lets you "join the outputs"
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
$endgroup$
this lets you "join the outputs"
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
edited Sep 16 at 12:34
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:58
analogsystemsrfanalogsystemsrf
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
20.1k2 gold badges9 silver badges27 bronze badges
26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:this lets you "join the outputs" schematicwith a link to circuitlab
$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
add a comment
|
26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:this lets you "join the outputs" schematicwith a link to circuitlab
$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
26
26
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
$begingroup$
Is there a specific reason why this answer is completely in circuitlab? I think the quality suffers a bit when the text is contained in a picture.
$endgroup$
– Arsenal
Sep 16 at 14:47
6
6
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
$begingroup$
@Arsenal - Agreed. IMO, in addition to it being lower quality and more difficult to visually parse, the biggest issue to me is that the content of the answer is not text-searchable...
$endgroup$
– Hitek
Sep 16 at 20:53
2
2
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
$begingroup$
That's the right answer. You don't need transistors for a gate, depending on your logic conventions, but they help performance and noise immunity (and you obviously need one as soon as you incorporate an inverter). And in the modern world, I suspect two MOSFETs is no more silicon than two diodes?
$endgroup$
– Rich
Sep 17 at 1:14
2
2
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:
this lets you "join the outputs" schematic with a link to circuitlab$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
$begingroup$
imgur is blocked for me. The entire answer reads:
this lets you "join the outputs" schematic with a link to circuitlab$endgroup$
– tolos
Sep 17 at 12:46
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
If you just connect the wires, you'd have the (fairly likely) possibility of a 0 and a 1 together. Since a 0 is gnd, and a 1 is 5V (depending on the chips, but it's a standard), you'd have 5V and gnd connected together by wires. The term for that is a short circuit!
You could use diodes for a simple OR gate. Or even resistors. The problems occur when you connect this gate to other gates, other circuitry. You can build an AND gate from 2 diodes the other way round. But if you try connect a lot of them together you end up with one giant circuit that doesn't function as small separate parts, but as one big one. Connections that aren't in your simple gate plan, might crop up in real life, messing up what you want to happen.
A transistor lets you separate the input from the output. The output of a transistor can't feed backward and affect it's input. A relay would be another alternative, though slower. Since the switch can't affect the electromagnet.
Early logic was RTL or DTL, resistor-transistor logic, or diode-transistor logic. Resistors, at first, then later diodes, were used to form the gate, then a transistor acted to buffer the result so the next gate you used didn't feed back through this one to it's inputs.
Now, since transistors on chips are virtually free of charge, financially that is, we have the luxury of everything being properly buffered and separate. Usually that's what we want. TTL logic!
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
If you just connect the wires, you'd have the (fairly likely) possibility of a 0 and a 1 together. Since a 0 is gnd, and a 1 is 5V (depending on the chips, but it's a standard), you'd have 5V and gnd connected together by wires. The term for that is a short circuit!
You could use diodes for a simple OR gate. Or even resistors. The problems occur when you connect this gate to other gates, other circuitry. You can build an AND gate from 2 diodes the other way round. But if you try connect a lot of them together you end up with one giant circuit that doesn't function as small separate parts, but as one big one. Connections that aren't in your simple gate plan, might crop up in real life, messing up what you want to happen.
A transistor lets you separate the input from the output. The output of a transistor can't feed backward and affect it's input. A relay would be another alternative, though slower. Since the switch can't affect the electromagnet.
Early logic was RTL or DTL, resistor-transistor logic, or diode-transistor logic. Resistors, at first, then later diodes, were used to form the gate, then a transistor acted to buffer the result so the next gate you used didn't feed back through this one to it's inputs.
Now, since transistors on chips are virtually free of charge, financially that is, we have the luxury of everything being properly buffered and separate. Usually that's what we want. TTL logic!
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
If you just connect the wires, you'd have the (fairly likely) possibility of a 0 and a 1 together. Since a 0 is gnd, and a 1 is 5V (depending on the chips, but it's a standard), you'd have 5V and gnd connected together by wires. The term for that is a short circuit!
You could use diodes for a simple OR gate. Or even resistors. The problems occur when you connect this gate to other gates, other circuitry. You can build an AND gate from 2 diodes the other way round. But if you try connect a lot of them together you end up with one giant circuit that doesn't function as small separate parts, but as one big one. Connections that aren't in your simple gate plan, might crop up in real life, messing up what you want to happen.
A transistor lets you separate the input from the output. The output of a transistor can't feed backward and affect it's input. A relay would be another alternative, though slower. Since the switch can't affect the electromagnet.
Early logic was RTL or DTL, resistor-transistor logic, or diode-transistor logic. Resistors, at first, then later diodes, were used to form the gate, then a transistor acted to buffer the result so the next gate you used didn't feed back through this one to it's inputs.
Now, since transistors on chips are virtually free of charge, financially that is, we have the luxury of everything being properly buffered and separate. Usually that's what we want. TTL logic!
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
$endgroup$
If you just connect the wires, you'd have the (fairly likely) possibility of a 0 and a 1 together. Since a 0 is gnd, and a 1 is 5V (depending on the chips, but it's a standard), you'd have 5V and gnd connected together by wires. The term for that is a short circuit!
You could use diodes for a simple OR gate. Or even resistors. The problems occur when you connect this gate to other gates, other circuitry. You can build an AND gate from 2 diodes the other way round. But if you try connect a lot of them together you end up with one giant circuit that doesn't function as small separate parts, but as one big one. Connections that aren't in your simple gate plan, might crop up in real life, messing up what you want to happen.
A transistor lets you separate the input from the output. The output of a transistor can't feed backward and affect it's input. A relay would be another alternative, though slower. Since the switch can't affect the electromagnet.
Early logic was RTL or DTL, resistor-transistor logic, or diode-transistor logic. Resistors, at first, then later diodes, were used to form the gate, then a transistor acted to buffer the result so the next gate you used didn't feed back through this one to it's inputs.
Now, since transistors on chips are virtually free of charge, financially that is, we have the luxury of everything being properly buffered and separate. Usually that's what we want. TTL logic!
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
edited Sep 19 at 4:02
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 17:15
GreenaumGreenaum
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
2911 silver badge5 bronze badges
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
Thanks for the excellent explanation!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 16 at 23:00
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
$begingroup$
You're welcome!
$endgroup$
– Greenaum
Sep 16 at 23:37
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
Consider what happens if one input is high and one is low, and you connect the two inputs. It depends on how you build your logic gates.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is really pulled high and a low is really pulled low (CMOS) then this is a short circuit and something will blow up.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is "weak" or high resistance (e.g. NMOS) then the output will be low, but also the other input (that is supposed to be high) will be forced to be low even though it's supposed to be high, and this will have a knock-on effect on other logic gates which use the same input.
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
$endgroup$
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
Consider what happens if one input is high and one is low, and you connect the two inputs. It depends on how you build your logic gates.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is really pulled high and a low is really pulled low (CMOS) then this is a short circuit and something will blow up.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is "weak" or high resistance (e.g. NMOS) then the output will be low, but also the other input (that is supposed to be high) will be forced to be low even though it's supposed to be high, and this will have a knock-on effect on other logic gates which use the same input.
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
$endgroup$
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
Consider what happens if one input is high and one is low, and you connect the two inputs. It depends on how you build your logic gates.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is really pulled high and a low is really pulled low (CMOS) then this is a short circuit and something will blow up.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is "weak" or high resistance (e.g. NMOS) then the output will be low, but also the other input (that is supposed to be high) will be forced to be low even though it's supposed to be high, and this will have a knock-on effect on other logic gates which use the same input.
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
$endgroup$
Consider what happens if one input is high and one is low, and you connect the two inputs. It depends on how you build your logic gates.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is really pulled high and a low is really pulled low (CMOS) then this is a short circuit and something will blow up.
If your logic gates are designed so that a high is "weak" or high resistance (e.g. NMOS) then the output will be low, but also the other input (that is supposed to be high) will be forced to be low even though it's supposed to be high, and this will have a knock-on effect on other logic gates which use the same input.
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 16:26
user253751user253751
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
2,02212 silver badges13 bronze badges
add a comment
|
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
There is an analog approach:
Combine any number of inputs (suppose either 0 or 5 volts) with resistors.
If the result voltage is 0, all are off.
If the result voltage is 5, then all are on.
In-between voltages indicate that some are on and some are off.
Example: If there are 4 inputs, 2.5 volts means 2 are on and 2 are off.
result == 0: nor gate
result == 5: and gate
result != 0: or gate
result != 5: nand gate
You don't need transistors for the inputs, just for the output to check the voltage and restore a 0 or 5 volt logical result.
This might be used for an analog neural network node with a non-linear output function that has a "soft" result that might not be entirely true or false.
After thought:
Resistors used this way can slow down logic speed since capacitance following the resistors must be charged or discharged when inputs change.
Also, use of transistors can greatly reduce power consumption. Resistors used this way can always consume power with a mix of input states. With transistors, power consumption can be roughly divided by the gain of the transistors.
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Very interesting, thanks!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
There is an analog approach:
Combine any number of inputs (suppose either 0 or 5 volts) with resistors.
If the result voltage is 0, all are off.
If the result voltage is 5, then all are on.
In-between voltages indicate that some are on and some are off.
Example: If there are 4 inputs, 2.5 volts means 2 are on and 2 are off.
result == 0: nor gate
result == 5: and gate
result != 0: or gate
result != 5: nand gate
You don't need transistors for the inputs, just for the output to check the voltage and restore a 0 or 5 volt logical result.
This might be used for an analog neural network node with a non-linear output function that has a "soft" result that might not be entirely true or false.
After thought:
Resistors used this way can slow down logic speed since capacitance following the resistors must be charged or discharged when inputs change.
Also, use of transistors can greatly reduce power consumption. Resistors used this way can always consume power with a mix of input states. With transistors, power consumption can be roughly divided by the gain of the transistors.
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Very interesting, thanks!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
add a comment
|
$begingroup$
There is an analog approach:
Combine any number of inputs (suppose either 0 or 5 volts) with resistors.
If the result voltage is 0, all are off.
If the result voltage is 5, then all are on.
In-between voltages indicate that some are on and some are off.
Example: If there are 4 inputs, 2.5 volts means 2 are on and 2 are off.
result == 0: nor gate
result == 5: and gate
result != 0: or gate
result != 5: nand gate
You don't need transistors for the inputs, just for the output to check the voltage and restore a 0 or 5 volt logical result.
This might be used for an analog neural network node with a non-linear output function that has a "soft" result that might not be entirely true or false.
After thought:
Resistors used this way can slow down logic speed since capacitance following the resistors must be charged or discharged when inputs change.
Also, use of transistors can greatly reduce power consumption. Resistors used this way can always consume power with a mix of input states. With transistors, power consumption can be roughly divided by the gain of the transistors.
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
$endgroup$
There is an analog approach:
Combine any number of inputs (suppose either 0 or 5 volts) with resistors.
If the result voltage is 0, all are off.
If the result voltage is 5, then all are on.
In-between voltages indicate that some are on and some are off.
Example: If there are 4 inputs, 2.5 volts means 2 are on and 2 are off.
result == 0: nor gate
result == 5: and gate
result != 0: or gate
result != 5: nand gate
You don't need transistors for the inputs, just for the output to check the voltage and restore a 0 or 5 volt logical result.
This might be used for an analog neural network node with a non-linear output function that has a "soft" result that might not be entirely true or false.
After thought:
Resistors used this way can slow down logic speed since capacitance following the resistors must be charged or discharged when inputs change.
Also, use of transistors can greatly reduce power consumption. Resistors used this way can always consume power with a mix of input states. With transistors, power consumption can be roughly divided by the gain of the transistors.
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
edited Sep 18 at 1:29
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
answered Sep 18 at 1:20
CodemeisterCodemeister
112 bronze badges
112 bronze badges
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Very interesting, thanks!
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– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
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Very interesting, thanks!
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– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
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Very interesting, thanks!
$endgroup$
– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
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Very interesting, thanks!
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– Tarek
Sep 19 at 2:09
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With some logic elements (all car door swithches ighting up the same lamp) this is possible, but not for example with CMOS gates as they are built with P and N channel FET transistors so they need defined high and low voltage input to provide the output, the input cannot be left to float. Connecting CMOS outputs together would not work.
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
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add a comment
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$begingroup$
With some logic elements (all car door swithches ighting up the same lamp) this is possible, but not for example with CMOS gates as they are built with P and N channel FET transistors so they need defined high and low voltage input to provide the output, the input cannot be left to float. Connecting CMOS outputs together would not work.
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
$endgroup$
add a comment
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$begingroup$
With some logic elements (all car door swithches ighting up the same lamp) this is possible, but not for example with CMOS gates as they are built with P and N channel FET transistors so they need defined high and low voltage input to provide the output, the input cannot be left to float. Connecting CMOS outputs together would not work.
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
$endgroup$
With some logic elements (all car door swithches ighting up the same lamp) this is possible, but not for example with CMOS gates as they are built with P and N channel FET transistors so they need defined high and low voltage input to provide the output, the input cannot be left to float. Connecting CMOS outputs together would not work.
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
answered Sep 16 at 4:40
JustmeJustme
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
10.1k2 gold badges10 silver badges25 bronze badges
add a comment
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add a comment
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There's that dangerous FLW (four letter word) 'just'!
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– Neil_UK
Sep 16 at 5:18
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You can't just join wires together. How would it know to be an OR, or an AND, or an XOR? However, you can do all this without transistors. Have a look at Harry Porter's Relay Computer, for example.
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– jonk
Sep 16 at 5:19
6
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@Neil_UK Don't you mean ETLW (Extended Three Letter Word). Cf. ETLA - Extended Three Letter Acronym
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– TripeHound
Sep 16 at 13:00
6
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What you propose has characteristics of an analog computer, and moves away from digital "gates". For digital gates having two states we use transistors with at least a little voltage gain or current gain to make up for losses.
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– glen_geek
Sep 16 at 13:33