Farisi (kundinyota) YaliyomoMahali pakeJinaNyotaTanbihiMarejeoMarejeoUrambazajiThe Constellationsonline hapa kwenye archive.orgkuihariri na kuongeza habari
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Farisi (kundinyota)
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Farisi (kwa Kilatini na Kiingereza Perseus) [1]. ni jina la kundinyota kwenye angakaskazi ya dunia.
Yaliyomo
1 Mahali pake
2 Jina
3 Nyota
4 Tanbihi
5 Marejeo
6 Marejeo
Mahali pake
Farisi linapitiwa na Njia Nyeupe. Lipo jirani na makundinyota mengine yenye majina kutokana na mitholojia ya Kigiriki kama vile Mara ( Andromeda) na Mke wa Kurusi (Cassiopeia), pia na makundinyota ya zodiaki Kondoo (Aries au Hamali) na Ng`ombe (Taurus).
Jina
Farisi lilijulikana kwa jina hili kwa miaka mingi kati ya mabaharia Waswahili waliotumia nyota kutafuta njia baharini wakati wa usiku.[2]
Jina la Farisi ni tafsiri ya jina lake la Kigiriki Περσεύς_Perseus na .Wagiriki wa Kale walitumia jina hili kwa kumtaja mtu kutoka “Persia” au “Fars” ilivyoitwa na Waarabu wasiojua herufi “P” na hapo Waswahili walipokea jina.
Katika mitholojia ya Kigiriki Farisi alikuwa shujaa aliyeua dubwana Ketusi na kumwokoa Andromeda. Baadaye wote pamoja na wazazi wa Andromeda mfalme Kifausi na malkia Cassiopeia waliinuliwa angani kama nyota [3]. Farisi alikuwa mwana wa ungu mkuu Zeus na Danaë. Aliwahi kumshinda dubwana Medusa aliyeweza kubadilisha kila kiumbe kuwa jiwe kwa kumwangalia tu lakini Farisi alikata kichwa chake. Baadaye alimwokoa Andromeda aliyefungwa kwa nyororo kwa mwamba kwenye ufuko wa bahari ili atolewe sadaka kwa Kestusi.
Farisi ni kati ya kundinyota zilizotajwa tayari na Klaudio Ptolemaio katika karne ya 2 BK kwa jina Kassiopeia. Iko pia katika orodha ya makundinyota 88 ya Umoja wa Kimataifa wa Astronomia [4] kwa jina la Perseus. Kifupi chake rasmi kufuatana na UKIA ni 'Per'.[5]
Nyota
Nyota angavu zaidi ni α Alfa Persei au Mrifaki yenye mwangaza unaoonekana wa 1.79 ikiwa umbali wa miakanuru 510.
Uangavu wake unafuatwa na β Beta Persei iliyoitwa Rasi Medusa (en:Algol) na mabaharia Waswahili. Ina mwangaza unaoonekana wa 2.12 ikiwa umbali wa miakanuru 90 kutoka Dunia. Hii ni nyota badilifu.
Jina la (Bayer) | Namba ya Flamsteed | Jina (Ukia) | Mwangaza unaoonekana | Umbali (miaka nuru) | Aina ya spektra |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
α | 33 | Mrifaki (Mirfak) | 1,79m | 592 | F5 Ib |
β | 26 | Rasi Madusa (Algol) | 2,12 bis 3,39m | 93 | B8 V |
ζ | 44 | Menkib | 2,9m | ca. 1000 | B1 Ib |
ε | 45 | 2,90m | 538 | B0.5 V | |
γ | 23 | 2,91m | 256 | G8 III | |
δ | 39 | 3,01 | 528 | B5 III | |
ρ | 25 | Gorgonea | 3,2 bis 4,1m | 325 | M3 III |
η | 15 | Miram | 3,77m | 1331 | K3 Ib |
ν | 41 | 3,77m | 557 | F5 II | |
κ | 27 | Misam | 3,79m | 112 | K0 III |
ο | 38 | Atik | 3,84m | 1476 | B1 III |
Tanbihi
↑ Uhusika milikishi (en:genitive) ya neno "Perseus" katika lugha ya Kilatini ni " Ceti " na hili ni umbo la jina linaloonekana katika majina ya nyota za kundi hili kama vile Alfa Ceti, nk.
↑ ling. Knappert 1993
↑ ling. Allen, Star-Names and their Meanings uk, 117
↑ The Constellations, tovuti ya International Astronomical Union , iliangaliwa Julai 2017
↑ Russell, Henry Norris (1922). "The New International Symbols for the Constellations". Popular Astronomy 30: 469–71.
Marejeo
Marejeo
- Richard Hinckley Allen: Star-Names and their Meanings; kwa G. E. Stechert New York, Leipzig, London, Paris 1899, ukurasa 75 ff (online hapa kwenye archive.org)
- Jan Knappert, 1993: The Swahili Names of Stars, Planets and Constellations; The Indian Ocean Review September 1993 Volume 6 No. 3 September 1993, kurasa 6-7, ISSN 1031-2331
Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya sayansi bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Farisi (kundinyota) kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari. |
Jamii:
- Mbegu za sayansi
- Astronomia
- Kundinyota
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